Basics of Internet
Today's life has become easier and
you should thank to the immense contribution in the field of Internet
technology that made communication and information sharing so simple. Internet
has completely changed the way you communicate and made your life easier and
more convenient. You can use Internet not only to communicate or instant
message, send pictures or videos, share a live moment with a friend/family
around the world but also do business, make new friends and know different
cultures, search information, study, shop and order a pizza or monthly grocery.
Internet
Internet is abbreviated
International Network or Interconnected Network. It is sometimes referred as
the Net. It is a huge network of computers around the world or a global network
of inter-connected computers, where one computer can be connected to any other
computer in any part of the world. Hence, it is a network of networks.
It contains billions of web pages
created by people and companies from around the world on all kinds of topic.
The Internet also has thousands of services that help make life more
convenient.
History of the Internet
By the early 1960s computer manufacturers had begun to
use semiconductor technology in commercial products. They used both methods of processing,
conventional batch-processing and time-sharing which allowed a computer's
resources to be shared in succession with multiple users. The processing was
done so quickly that it appeared that each system is dedicated to a user. This
led to the idea of sharing computer resources over an entire network.
The
first step was by the of the U.S. Department of Defense, in ARPANET (Advanced
Research Projects. Agency (ARPA)]. It established its first host-to-host
network connection on October 29, 1969. It was one of the first general-purpose
computer networks.
a
In the United States it became a vital infrastructure for the computer science
research community. A lot of developments started happening, tools and
applications, such as the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP, referred to as
e-mail) for sending short messages and the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for
longer transmissions emerged.
The
Internet resulted from the effort to connect various research networks in the
United States and Europe. DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency;
formerly ARPA) established a program to investigate the interconnection of
heterogeneous networks and called the program Internetting. It was based on the
new concept of networking wherein the networks would be interconnected by
gateways. In October, 1972, a successful demonstration of the ARPANET was
organized at the International Computer Communication Conference (ICCC). This
was the first public demonstration of this new network technology to the
public.
In
1974 Vinton Cerf, collaborated on a paper that first described the Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP), which enabled different types of machines to share on
networks all over the world.
In
the early 1980s with the introduction of the personal computer and workstation,
emergence of Ethernet and local area networks helped to fuel a rapid
commercialization of the Internet. By the late 1980s the network was operating
at millions of bits per second.
Know
More
Vinton
Gray Cerf, American computer scientist who is considered one of the founders,
of the Internet. In 2004 he won the A.M. Turing Award, the highest honour in
computer science, for his pioneering work on internetworking.
Who Governs the Internet
Every
day the technology is constantly evolving but do you know who actually owns and
controls the Internet?
The
answer is, no one.
There
isn't a company or government or any individual who owns or runs the Internet.
Instead a combination of government agencies, international groups and
companies in the private sector collaborate together to keep the fundamental
technologies of the Internet working. The following groups form the rules that
define how all of the different systems work:
Ø World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): The
Internet society founded and headed by Sir Tim Berners Lee. It develops
Internet standards, policies, software and provides an open discussion forum
about the web.
Ø The Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF): An international organisation with an open membership policy that has
several working groups who maintain the Internet's architecture and stability.
Ø The Internet Architecture Board (IAB): An
IETF committee, the IAB's mission is to oversee the design of Internet
protocols and standards.
Ø The Internet Corporation for Assigned
Names and Numbers (ICANN): A private non-profit corporation, ICANN manages the
Internet's Domain Name System (DNS).
While
none of these organizations own the Internet, they each influence how the
Internet works.
Advantages of Internet
Life
without Internet seems impossible. It is an instant access to an endless supply
of knowledge and entertainment.
Internet
has numerous benefits:
· Information, Internet contains plethora of
knowledge and information that allows you to learn knowledge, and about almost
any topic or question you may have. Search engines, such as Google, learning
Bing help retrieve information. You can ask any question and you will get at
least a web page with an answer to that question.
· Communication in the past, it would take
days or even months to receive a letter from other part of and sharing country.
Today, with the help of Internet, you can send and receive messages through an
e-mail or do instant chatting with anyone in the world. On online forums people
with common interests connect with each other, share view point or ask
questions to experts.
· Finding location With GPS technology, the
Internet help map and quickly route to the location you and contact are looking
for. It can give you the most relevant searches to find businesses in your
information area that may sell or provide you with a service you need.
· You access to your bank account to view
your balance, make transactions, and send money. Also, many services enable you
to view and pay your bills electronically.
· Shopping is the another advantage of the
Internet is online shopping, without having to visit a store. You can compare
prices among products and read reviews as what others think about it.
· The Internet is a place to sell most
goods. You have access to more people than a local retail store. Also, the
businesses can advertise their products or services specifically for a certain
geographical area.
Thank
You!!
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